Mantra
[MAHN-trah]Mantra
What is a mantra?
Mantra (Sanskrit: mantra, मन्त्र) derives from man (mind) and tra (instrument or liberation), which literally means "instrument of the mind" or "that which liberates the mind." A mantra is a sacred sound, syllable, word, or phrase repeated with specific intention — for concentration, meditation, or spiritual awakening. The most famous mantra is Om (Aum, ॐ) — considered the primordial sound of the universe from which all other sounds originate. In the Yoga Sutras, Patanjali recommends repetition of Om (pranava) as a practice for achieving inner peace and self-knowledge (Sutra I.27-28). Mantras operate on several levels: sound vibrations affect the nervous system and physical body; the rhythm of repetition calms the mind; and the meaning (if the mantra has one) directs consciousness. B.K.S. Iyengar practiced invocations at the beginning and end of classes — most commonly the invocation to Patanjali, which is an integral part of the Iyengar yoga tradition.
Om — The Primordial Sound
Om (or Aum) is the most sacred mantra in yoga and consists of three sounds: A (creation), U (preservation), and M (destruction/transformation), representing the cycle of existence. The silence after Om symbolizes the fourth state — turiya, beyond waking, dreaming, and deep sleep. In Iyengar yoga, Om is chanted at the beginning and end of practice. The vibration of the sound creates resonance throughout the body and helps transition between ordinary daily life and the state of inner silence needed for practice. Begin with a deep inhalation and chant Om slowly on exhalation, feeling the vibration in the chest (A), throat (U), and head (M).
Frequently Asked Questions
Do I have to chant mantras in yoga?
It is not required. In the Iyengar tradition, the invocation is chanted at the beginning of class, but no one is forced to participate. You can simply listen and observe the effect of the vibrations.
What mantra should I use for meditation?
To start, Om is universal and suitable for everyone. If you want a more specific mantra, consult a teacher. Mantra repetition (japa) is a powerful concentration technique — even a few minutes daily have an effect.
Related Terms
Mudra
Mudra means "seal" or "gesture" and describes symbolic hand and finger positions that direct the flow of energy in the body.
Chakra
Chakra means "wheel" and describes the seven energy centers in the body through which vital energy (prana) flows along the central channel.
Yoga
Yoga means "union" in Sanskrit and is an ancient system for physical, mental, and spiritual development with over 5,000 years of history.
Related Poses
Lotus Pose
Padmasana is the classic meditation posture in yoga. Learn how to achieve it safely and which preparatory poses you need.
Hero Pose
Virasana stretches the thighs and ankles, relieves tired legs, and is ideal for meditation. Learn the safe Iyengar technique.
Corpse Pose
Savasana is the most important and most difficult pose in yoga — complete relaxation of body and mind. Learn the proper Iyengar technique for deep relaxation.